Experimental Constraints on the Pairing State of the Cuprate Superconductors: an Emerging Consensus

We present a critical discussion of recent experimental probes of the pairing state of the high temperature superconductors, focusing primarily, but not exclusively, on \Yba, where the best data currently exist. Penetration depth measurements near \Tc\ give no indication of an extra transition, indicating that the pairing state is a one-dimensional representation of the crystal symmetry. Penetration depth measurements at low temperatures provide strong evidence for a change in sign of the gap function over the Fermi surface. Quantum mechanical phase interference experiments generally confirm this and in addition show that the nodal positions are consistent with a \dx2y2\ pairing state. This pairing state is consistent with photoemission measurements of the gap function, Raman scattering, the effect on \Tc\ of impurities, and many other data (reviewed by two of us previously) which indicate the presence of low lying excitations in the superconducting state. We also discuss evidence that apparently does not fit in with a \dx2y2\ pairing state, and we describe possible alternative scenarios.Comment: 81 pages, macro package (modified version of uiucmac.tex) included in submission, figures NOT available (but not essential

Bibliography of Sources on Dena’ina and Cook Inlet Anthropology Through 2016

This version 4.3 will be the final version for this bibliography, a project that was begun in 1993 by Greg Dixon. We have intentionally excluded all potential references for the year 2017. This version is about 29 pages longer and has about 211 entries added since the previous version 3.1 of 2012. Aaron Leggett has added over fifty sources many being rare items from newpapers and magazines. Also many corrections and additions were made to entries in earlier versions.I wish to thank Kenaitze Indian Tribe and the “Dena’ina Language Revitalization Project” for their support for several projects during 2017-2018, including this Vers. 4.3. Previous versions have had partial support from "Dena'ina Archiving, Training and Access" project (NSF-OPP 0326805, 2004) and from Lake Clark National Park. I thank Katherine Arndt of Alaska & Polar Regions at UAF for her careful proofreading

Exploring the Benefits of a Coach Development Process... on the Coach

This paper examines the extent to which a coach development programme benefits the coach beyond the boundaries of their coaching interventions. Much coaching research focuses on the impact of coaching on the coachee and the organisation; this small research project considers the impact on the coach. Alumni from a higher education coach development programme were invited to share their perspectives on their post programme coaching and organisational experiences via focus groups. Our findings suggest that a learning process that encourages self-awareness, reflexive conversations and opportunities to reflect and consider one’s coaching identity, enable coaches to apply their learning across a range of organisational scenarios, beyond their role as an internal coach. Organisational coaches report greater levels of confidence in their generic leadership roles and being perceived differently by others in their organisations, as a result of the coach development process. This study will be of interest to HRD practitioners considering an investment in developing internal coaches and to those involved in designing and delivering coach development programmes as the importance of teaching beyond coaching models and theory is demonstrated from this study. It may also help inform potential coach trainees considering embarking on a coach development programme, as the benefits can permeate all aspects of organisational performance

Optical nanolithography using a scanning near-field probe with an integrated light source

An ultracompact near-field optical probe is described that is based on a single, integrated assembly consisting of a gallium nitride (GaN) light-emitting diode (LED), a microlens, and a cantilever assembly containing a hollow pyramidal probe with a subwavelength aperture at its apex. The LED emits ultraviolet light and may be used as a light source for near-field photolithographic exposure. Using this simple device compatible with many commercial atomic force microscope systems, it is possible to form nanostructures in photoresist with a resolution of 35 nm, corresponding to λ/10. © 2008 American Institute of Physics

A classical statistical model for distributions of escape events in swept-bias Josephson junctions

We have developed a model for experiments in which the bias current applied to a Josephson junction is slowly increased from zero until the junction switches from its superconducting zero-voltage state, and the bias value at which this occurs is recorded. Repetition of such measurements yields experimentally determined probability distributions for the bias current at the moment of escape. Our model provides an explanation for available data on the temperature dependence of these escape peaks. When applied microwaves are included we observe an additional peak in the escape distributions and demonstrate that this peak matches experimental observations. The results suggest that experimentally observed switching distributions, with and without applied microwaves, can be understood within classical mechanics and may not exhibit phenomena that demand an exclusively quantum mechanical interpretation.Comment: Eight pages, eight figure

Confronting Electroweak Fine-tuning with No-Scale Supergravity

Applying No-Scale Supergravity boundary conditions at a heavy unification scale to the Flipped $SU(5)$ grand unified theory with extra TeV-scale vector-like multiplets, $i.e.$ No-Scale ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$, we express the $Z$-boson mass $M_Z$ as an explicit function of the boundary gaugino mass $M_{1/2}$, $M_Z^2 = M_Z^2 (M_{1/2}^2)$, with implicit dependence upon a dimensionless ratio $c$ of the supersymmetric Higgs mixing parameter $\mu$ and $M_{1/2}$. Setting the top Yukawa coupling consistent with $m_t = 174.3$ GeV at $M_Z = 91.2$ GeV, the value of $c$ naturally tends toward $c \simeq 1$, which indirectly suggests underlying action of the Giudice-Masiero mechanism. Proportional dependence of all model scales upon the unified gaugino mass $M_{1/2}$ in the No-Scale ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$ model suggests one possible mechanism of confronting the electroweak fine tuning problem.Comment: Physics Letters B version; 8 Pages, 7 Figures, 1 Tabl

Design Development Test and Evaluation (DDT and E) Considerations for Safe and Reliable Human Rated Spacecraft Systems

A team directed by the NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) collected methodologies for how best to develop safe and reliable human rated systems and how to identify the drivers that provide the basis for assessing safety and reliability. The team also identified techniques, methodologies, and best practices to assure that NASA can develop safe and reliable human rated systems. The results are drawn from a wide variety of resources, from experts involved with the space program since its inception to the best-practices espoused in contemporary engineering doctrine. This report focuses on safety and reliability considerations and does not duplicate or update any existing references. Neither does it intend to replace existing standards and policy

Protracted Reproduction in Sunfish: the Temporal Dimension in Fish Recruitment Revisited

Understanding how life histories influence reproductive success under uncertain conditions is necessary to predict population dynamics. For many organisms, protracted reproduction may increase expected offspring recruitment in variable environments, requiring that temporal patterns of reproduction be considered when developing management or conservation strategies. We explored the interrelationships among birth date, production of embryos on nests, survival of larvae to the open-water stage, and survival of juveniles through the first fall and winter of life for bluegill and pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus and L. gibbosus) in Lake Opinicon, Ontario, during May 1998 through May 1999. Age-0 sunfish were sampled with nesting surveys for embryos, surface tows for free-swimming larvae, and seining/trawling for juveniles. Age of juveniles (days post swim-up) was quantified using otoliths. The abundance of embryos on nests and the density of open-water larvae were unrelated across all dates and sites. Although 40% of larvae had appeared in the open water by 12 June, most juveniles sampled in the fall were produced after that time, suggesting that high mortality of early produced larvae occurred. Larval survival to the juvenile stage was generally unrelated to the abundance of edible zooplankton taxa during swim-up from nests. Larval survival was often highest at temperatures \u3e23.5°C. Fall length of age-0 sunfish increased with increasing age. Both age-specific length and mean lengths shifted positively between October 1998 and May 1999, suggesting that growth of all individuals and perhaps selective mortality of small juveniles occurred. Although early reproduction may increase sizes reached by fall and thereby improve overwinter survival, early hatched larvae are subject to variable environmental factors that may reduce survival. Late-hatched larvae may reach relatively smaller sizes by fall, but have higher survival probabilities during this life stage. Protracted reproduction appears to be a response to variable environmental factors influencing growth and survival across multiple life stages. As such, all reproducing adults, rather than those perceived to produce offspring during typically favorable times, must be protected from exploitation or other human-induced perturbations